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The shifting sands of the financial services industry are leading to significant changes in the extended supply chain that serves the end investor. Prompted by regulatory changes and the drive for cost transparency, all industry participants are being forced to adapt in order to position themselves for the next phase of the industry’s development.
At City Financial, we have recently launched The Adviser Centre, an online fund research and consultancy service that is designed specifically for financial advisers, through which we are seeking to cater for their investment needs in the post-RDR environment. In the early planning stages, we spoke to many advisers who explained both the challenges and the opportunities of this emerging world. We could see the tangible excitement for those intermediary businesses that had not only survived the changes, but are now thriving and expanding. There is some irony in the fact that, although the importance of an adviser’s position in the chain has been reinforced, fund managers’ direct relationships with advisers have been weakened, in part because of the role of platforms and in part because of cost pressures and the inevitable focus on the largest distributors of products.
Indeed, for most fund managers, the challenges of this phase are more overt than the opportunities. The spotlight on fees has seen the industry hang out its dirty laundry and the braver players in the game, who were prepared to state their position early with regard to their clean share class pricing strategy, helped everyone to alight upon the natural lower stopping point for annual management charges. Profitability is therefore under pressure, even more so for well-established fund managers who have a large back-book of retail business that is being re-priced. Consolidation will continue as it becomes ever more challenging for smaller or less profitable organisations to survive. Fund management companies will continue to review their structures and product offerings and question where they can add value for themselves and their clients on a sustainable basis. For fund managers themselves, business pressures are coupled with intensifying performance pressures, as the rise and rise of passively-managed vehicles results in a greater number of converts to the tracking world on the basis of price and all too often, unfortunately, returns.
The ‘whole of market’ challenge
We have spoken to many advisers in the past who wish to remain independent but have been troubled by the concept of ‘whole of market’ coverage.
From the regulatory point of view, the FCA’s expectations are better understood as time has passed and further guidance has been issued. The requirements for the appropriate delivery of independent investment advice are far-reaching but those who have put into place the necessary processes are well-placed to satisfy and exceed the FCA’s expectations. The thematic review that was issued in March 2014 (‘Supervising Retail Investment Advice: Delivering Independent Advice’) reinforced the point that offering independent advice requires a comprehensive analysis of the whole of the market before making a recommendation. This is different from the idea that every product in the market must be comprehensively reviewed, which is clearly not feasible in any shape or form.
The review also sanctioned the use of third party services and tools to help in the process of covering the whole of the market, on the important proviso that advisers are in a position to assess the advice and provide the final solution to the client.
Demonstrating a comprehensive and fair process for filtering the enormous universe of funds and products is therefore critical but there are no rules on exactly how this should be done and each firm’s approach will vary according to factors such as the profile of the client base and the structure of the business.
Couching expectations
Explaining investments to clients who have differing levels of knowledge about financial markets is one of the great challenges for an adviser. Whilst acknowledging all the difficulties of explaining financial products in a language that the majority of investors are in a position to understand, the fund management industry overall has fallen very short on this subject.
Prompted by the regulator, basic fund information is improving but one of the adviser’s jobs remains that of jargon interpretation. Independent fund research houses help to shed more light on funds and products but when it comes down to brass tacks, a description of the qualitative attributes of a fund is of limited help if advisers are still not clear what to expect in terms of its patterns of behaviour. If a fund is languishing in the fourth quartile of a peer group’s performance table, is this surprising, or not? When Invesco Perpetual Income experienced periods of underperformance compared to the market and peers, did investors think that Neil Woodford had suddenly turned into a poor fund manager? The answer is clearly ‘no’, because most investors knew what to expect of his approach and trusted his ability to deliver attractive returns, typically with less downside risk, over the long term.
Acknowledging the need for this degree of clarity and understanding on a broad range of funds across the market, we have framed our research output around a point-by-point description of what we believe can be expected from a fund in different market circumstances and how a fund might be used in its own right, or blended with other funds to achieve diversification.
Assessing and explaining risks
Our efforts to ensure that we describe a fund’s characteristics in an appropriate manner inevitably caused us to think carefully about risk metrics and the presentation of risk. We do not berate the industry for being unable to identify an all-encompassing way of explaining risks and over the years, we have also tried different approaches, from more simplistic and qualitative to more complex and quantitative. Nothing was perfect, nor satisfied everybody.
Through the Synthetic Risk and Return Indicator (SRRI) system, which is incorporated into each fund’s KIID, the European Commission has gone some way to helping investors to be more informed about risk. However, with the score of 6 (representing historical volatility in a range of 15% to 25%) covering most equity funds, from UK equity income funds to emerging market equity funds, its usefulness is limited in practice. In our work, we have included our own interpretation of the SRRI score but we recognise that this paints only part of the overall picture.
If we extend this challenge to the world of multi-asset products, the picture is even more complex because the risk outcome is determined by a range of different assets that have their own characteristics, with these assets also interacting with each other to generate the final risk and return experience.
Of course a numbering system at least goes some way to helping investors to understand the degree of risk they are taking, based on a scale that they can visualise. However, talking to most investors about an expected volatility outcome, expressed around a number or a range, is probably futile. It almost certainly wouldn’t pass the, ‘would my Mum understand this?’ test. Most investors do not see risk in cold academic terms, they feel risk when they see the fluctuations in the value of their portfolio – advisers know this better than anyone else. On this basis, we are of the view that a simple illustration of the maximum drawdown over time is the most illuminating risk metric that you can show to most investors.
Bridging the gap
We see a really bright future for financial advisers who are well-positioned in this post-RDR world and through The Adviser Centre, we seek to help them in the process of identifying suitable investments for their clients.
We all know that individuals need to save more and with greater efficiency but we do not foresee swathes of investors with the sudden inclination to find their way through the investment labyrinth. Advisers retain a critical role in interpreting the complexities of the investment world and bridging the gap between investors and fund managers – and this role has never been more important.
Article written by Gill Hutchison, Head of Investment Research
This article featured on the Adviser Hub website, August 2014.
At The Adviser Centre, our primary aim is to support financial professionals in their fund selection and suitability work through independently-minded research, borne of decades of industry experience. Our process is framed by the fundamental concepts of “quality”, “value” and “utility”, through which we answer the key questions of why to invest in a fund, how it is likely to behave and how it can be deployed.
The Adviser Centre team members are some of the most experienced in the fund research industry. We can always look forward to robust and constructive discussions and we have great respect for their views and perspectives, which, given the breadth of their fund and market knowledge, come from an extremely well-informed position.
We have known and worked with the team for several years and we value their experience and the insights they provide to our own investment process. The service differentiates itself by its more focused nature and the information on their factsheets is useful in emphasising a fund’s key mandate, exposure and style biases, helping to explain the risk/return journey that our customers can expect.
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